- Pre-qualification -- The process of determining how much a borrower (home buyer) can afford to borrow, based on a basic review of their finances. Gives you a general idea of what you can borrow. Generally does not require a formal mortgage application. Pre-qualification is non-binding, which means there is no guarantee you'll actually get approved for this amount.
- Pre-approval -- Similar to the pre-qualification process described above, but based on a more in-depth review of the borrower's financial history. Gives you a more accurate idea of how much you can borrow. Generally requires a mortgage application. This process takes place before you have selected a home, which distinguishes it from the final approval described below. Pre-qualification is non-binding.
- Approval -- This is the final approval by the mortgage lender. It takes place after you have chosen a home and made an offer. It usually requires a home appraisal as well.
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